Down syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by the presence of an additional chromosome or a fragment of an extra chromosome. This additional genetic material alters the normal development of the body and brain in individuals affected by the condition. Throughout their lives, individuals with Down syndrome may experience a range of mental and physical challenges.
The underlying cause of Down syndrome is typically attributed to a cellular division error known as "nondisjunction." This error leads to the formation of an embryo with three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the usual two. Specifically, during or prior to conception, one of the pairs of 21st chromosomes in either the sperm or the egg fails to separate properly.
What is Down Syndrome?
A flattened face, especially the bridge of the nose.
Almond-shaped eyes that slant up.
A short neck.
Small ears.
A tongue that tends to stick out of the mouth.
Tiny white spots on the iris (colored part) of the eye.
Small hands and feet.
A single line across the palm of the hand (palmar crease)
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